James Watson, co-discoverer of DNA double helix, dies at 97

James Watson, Co-Discoverer of DNA Double Helix, Dies at 97

James Watson, the American molecular biologist who co-discovered the double-helix structure of DNA and won the 1962 Nobel Prize, has died at the age of 97. His work laid the foundation for mapping the human genome and transformed biology.

Scientific Achievement

In the spring of 1953, Watson and Francis Crick published their description of the twisting ladder-like double-helix structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the journal Nature. This was the first detailed model of the molecule that carries genetic information for all living organisms, changing our understanding of evolution and heredity.

"I made the discovery of the century," Watson reflected decades later. "Suddenly to see the molecule which is responsible for heredity, and which makes possible human existence, was a very big step in man's understanding of himself in the same sense that Darwin knew that the human species wasn't fixed, that we were changing."

Controversies

Despite his scientific legacy, Watson's reputation was marred by allegations of uncredited contributions and by racist and sexist remarks he made later in life. These statements overshadowed his pioneering role in genetics, leading to significant criticism.

Legacy

Watson's discovery remains fundamental to biology and medicine, influencing studies of evolutionary origins and inherited diseases. However, his personal views have complicated how his contributions are remembered.

National Geographic — 2025-11-07